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排序方式: 共有246条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
改性甘蔗渣吸附废水中低浓度Cu2+的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用离子液氯化-1-己基-3-甲基咪唑对甘蔗渣进行改性,利用改性甘蔗渣吸附去除模拟废水中低浓度的Cu2+,并对比了较优条件下甘蔗渣改性前后的Cu2+吸附性能.结果表明,溶液pH、改性甘蔗渣投加量、吸附时间对改性甘蔗渣吸附Cu2+均有一定的影响,较佳的溶液pH为5.41、改性甘蔗渣投加量为0.30 g、吸附时间为130 min;吸附温度升高Cu2+吸附率反而降低,因此选择在室温下进行吸附反应为宜;在以上较优条件下,改性甘蔗渣和甘蔗渣的Cu2+吸附率分别为83.20%和53.83%,前者的Cu2+吸附率提高了30.35%. 相似文献
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Yongyang Fu Feifei Li Ting Xu Sanjuan Cai Weiyue Chu Han Qiu Sha Sha Guangyu Cheng Qinsong Xu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(4):2935-2942
Bioaccumulation, subcellular distribution, and acute toxicity of yttrium (Y) were evaluated in Nymphoides peltata. The effects of Y concentrations of 1–5 mg L?1 applied for 4 days were assessed by measuring changes in photosynthetic pigments, nutrient contents, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and ultrastructure. The accumulation of Y in subcellular fractions decreased in the order of cell wall > organelle > soluble fraction. Much more Y was located in cellulose and pectin than in other biomacromolecules. The content of some mineral elements (Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Mo) increased in N. peltata, but there was an opposite effect for P and K. Meanwhile, ascorbate, and catalase activity decreased significantly for all Y concentrations. In contrast, peroxidase activity was induced, while initial rises in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content were followed by subsequent declines. Morphological symptoms of senescence, such as chlorosis and damage to chloroplasts and mitochondria, were observed even at the lowest Y concentration. Pigment content decreased as the Y concentration rose and the calculated EC50 and MPC of Y for N. peltata were 2 and 0.2 mg L?1 after 4 days of exposure, respectively. The results showed that exogenous Y was highly available in water and that its high concentration in water bodies might produce harmful effects on aquatic organisms. N. peltata is proposed as a biomonitor for the assessment of metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
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Jichang Han Lin Zhang Pu Wang Song Wang Guanpin Yang Lu Zhao 《International Journal of Green Energy》2017,14(5):454-462
BH32 and BH43 were isolated and identified as Amphikrikos sp. based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic trees. They shared the same 18S rRNA sequences, but possessed different amounts of introns in their 18S rDNAs. The specific growth rate, cellular component and fatty acid profile under different growth stages have been surveyed. Their main fatty acids were found to be C16 and C18 groups. Our results indicated that both of them could be taken as excellent candidates of biodiesel. Moreover, the intra-genus polymorphism of 18S rDNA caused by intron presence/absence can provide valuable information for the study of intron evolution. 相似文献
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采用原子吸收法分析了武汉市重工业基地武钢周边的土壤、街道尘埃及蔬菜等主要环境介质中镉的含量,对环境介质体系中镉的地球化学特征进行了研究。结果表明:研究区大部分土壤镉含量超标,且高出其母质长江冲积土中镉含量的5倍;处于工业区下风方向的土壤镉含量最高,达到284 mg/kg,显著高于其他方向土壤中的含量;街道尘埃中的镉含量均值达764 mg/kg,高于国内外许多发达名城;土壤和街道尘埃中镉均以地球化学活性态为主,具有显著的潜在生态危害性;环境介质中的镉对不同类型蔬菜的影响程度不同:小白菜>茄子>豇豆,但是,除了小白菜个别样点超标以外,大部分均未超标。然而,小白菜可食部分镉含量与土壤弱酸提取态的镉含量呈现显著的相关性。〖 相似文献
77.
Jingjing Sha You Wang Jianxia Lv Hong Wang Hongmei Chen Leilei Qi Xuexi Tang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,28(2):54-63
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) are new kinds of persistent organic pollutants(POPs) and their potential threats to the equilibrium and sustainability of marine ecosystems have raised worldwide concerns. Here, two kinds of PBDEs, tetra-BDE(BDE-47)and deca-BDE(BDE-209) were applied, and their toxic effects on the swimming behavior,population growth and reproduction of Brachionus plicatilis were investigated. The results showed that:(1) The actual concentrations of BDE-47 and-209 in the seawater phase measured by GC–MS(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer) were much lower than their nominal concentrations.(2) In accordance with the 24-hr acute tests, BDE-209 did not show any obvious swimming inhibition to rotifers, but a good correlation did exist between the swimming inhibition rate and BDE-47 concentration suggesting that BDE-47 is more toxic than BDE-209.(3) Both BDE-47 and-209 had a significant influence on the population growth and reproduction parameters of B. plicatilis including the population growth rate, the ratio of ovigerous females/non-ovigerous females(OF/NOF), the ratio of mictic females/amictic females(MF/AF), resting egg production and the mictic rate, which indicate that these parameters in B. plicatilis population were suitable for monitoring and assessing PBDEs. Our results suggest that BDE-47 and-209 are not acute lethal toxicants and may pose a low risk to marine rotifers at environmental concentrations for short-term exposure. They also accumulate differently into rotifers. Further research data are needed to understand the mechanisms responsible for the effects caused by PBDEs and to assess their risks accurately. 相似文献
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用一种具有多孔结构特征的沸石球作为载体固定化硝化细菌强化吸附氨氮废水。结果表明,沸石球能快速固定化硝化细菌,吸附动力学表明150 min对氨氮吸附容量达到2.816 mg/g,而且还有继续增加的趋势。假二级动力学方程和Elovich模型的精确拟合说明,生物沸石球对氨氮的吸附过程可能是非均相扩散起作用及以化学吸附反应为主的复杂转化过程。扩散拟合结果表明,氨氮在生物沸石球的吸附是以液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散为吸附速率的控制步骤,活性的硝化细菌对氨氮的硝化使氨氮在微孔的吸附得到了强化。 相似文献